voussoirs

Sunday, 11 February 2024

UP HELLY AA 24 - THE POWER OF FLAMES

It is 6:45am Wednesday 31 January 2024: the tail of the galley has just fallen into the dying flames to become embers, then ash; the head fell first, then the mast; now the end. The flair of Up Helly Aa 24 terminated just as the fiery sun rose above the thirty metre high eucalyptus trees into a blue sky patched with the bright whiteness of fluffy clouds. It is going to be a hot and humid day after the stormy weather of this week that has caused so much havoc.

The day started two hours ago in the dim gloom of the morning that was stirring with the soft cackle of the kookaburras and the sharp shrieks of the currawongs, all alerted by a streak of breaking orange light that redefined the local hills.

After making a cup of tea, we settled down to watch the live stream knowing that this year’s Up Helly Aa celebration would be just like last year’s, but being happy with this. It was John Ruskin who wrote of his holidays that always followed an identical routine, that they were all the more beautiful for being familiar. The town hall preparations, the preliminary light up, the starting flare, the 1000 flames lit, the snaking flow of fire, the circumambulation, and the grand finale were all well-known, almost commonplace expectations.

Similarly, typical cheers, greetings messages, tales, experiences, wishes, and remembrances full of hope, love, and expectation interspersed the commentary describing the flame-lit shadows of the town, the procession and its smell, naming places and outlining procedures that must befuddle those who don’t know Shetland or Lerwick. The darkness of the town lit by the burning paraffin and wood oozing aromatic fumes, reminds one of past eras without the convenience of electricity that now enlightens us, and allows this remarkable, international live stream to take place.

The parade was watched through the faint reflections of the awakening morning, layered by a soft haze of barely perceptible images glimmering on the glaze of the tablet’s screen, growing brighter throughout the astonishment of the procession that culminated with the fall of the tail.

Now, just before 7:00am Australian Eastern Time, as the halls of Lerwick open, the phone rings: it’s the plumber coming to fix the leaking toilet cistern. Ordinary life takes over with its harsh grind of necessity leaving the magical mystery of fire loitering as an inexplicable, unforgettable spectacle.

Mousa Broch.

The broch of fire.

Although it remains secular and carefully orchestrated as entertainment holding ambitions for both the maintenance of tradition and the promotion of tourism, the festival embodies elements of the spirit of the past revealed in the same darkness and flames experienced in other times, an essence captured in the new drone images highlighting the flow of flames along the route, terminating in a broch of fire that becomes the mythical hearth - the symbolic heart of Lerwick, and the world, just for one day. It is a memorable occasion. One looks forward to Up Helly Aa 25 both to refresh the recall, and to again experience the power of flames in the unforgiving primeval void that still intrigue the eye and capture the heart.

A Neolithic hearth at Skara Brae.

The mythical hearth.

ON THE LERWICK LANES MASTERPLAN OPTIONS

The following are some thoughts on the project, and some comments on the proposals published online in the Shetland News, 6^th February 2024: see - https://www.shetnews.co.uk/2024/02/06/take-look-options-lerwick-lanes/?utm_source=mailpoet&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=ga-newsletter-daily-briefing

Lerwick, Shetland Islands.

Lerwick harbour and lanes precinct.

The car park that is the subject of the masterplan study.

One proposal for the site redevelopment.

Generally, in an effort to understand the issues, one begins with one’s own experience of this site. We use this car park when we want to access the Commercial Street shopping precinct when other nearby, more convenient, lower parking places are unavailable. It is clear from both the aerial view of Lerwick, and on entering the existing car park, that this place is a gaping void in the pattern of town settlement; yet it is a location with uniquely desirable harbour views. One senses the devastation of this part of the town in the dramatic change from the open car-park void to the shaded enclosure of the lanes. The change, with its extreme contrast, is significant.

The site looking southeast from Hillhead.

The remnants of the central lane on the site.

A typical Lerwick lane.

The idea that reinstating the lanes needs to lie at the core of any redevelopment, seems to be an obvious beginning, given the title of the task. This challenge requires more than the drawing of lines on a plan that looks impressive. The site has a steep slope on it; any pedestrian path needs to be not only planned, but also detailed to achieve the significance, the necessity, that the lanes currently hold in the town: detailed sections of the site are critical. The obvious clash on this site is that between good pedestrian paths and places, and convenient vehicular movement. The glaring, sad struggle with identity presently experienced with the centre lane as it exists on the site today, is obvious to all.

The central lane struggles to maintain any presence.

It is agreed that appropriately designed housing could play a role in fragmenting the ‘car park’ scale of this place, addressing the gaps along Hillhead, and reinforcing the character of the ‘new’ lanes; but one also has to consider the efficiency of the car parking arrangement, and the character of the place for dwellings. The idea and the feeling of a house surrounded by a sea of cars just as shopping centres are all around the world, needs to be considered and assessed/critiqued in the same way as the effective flow of pedestrians and vehicles should be: each must be sensitive to the other, and effectively efficient in their ambitions without diminishing any of the others’ qualities.*

View of the site looking east from Hillhead:

the site leaves a gap in the street elevation.

The diagrammatic plans do not recognise the gradient of the site.

On parking: when we use the existing car parking area, the frustration is not only with some of the grades, but also with the blind aisles that one has to traverse awkwardly by reversing out of, if there are no spaces available. This leads to an annoying ‘toing and froing’ that adds to the number of unsafe, messy vehicular movements. One needs to be able to manoeuvre comfortably, preferably with a drive-through arrangement, as one seeks a place to stop. The proposals all show a very fragmented parking arrangement with lots of dead ends.

Car parks work best with continuity and connection.

Each lane has its own character.

It is important in the layout of parking to make sure that not only the car spaces are adequate in size, but also that the geometry of turning requirements is accommodated in the aisles: blind aisles require a minimum of one metre extra driveway length at the terminus to allow the last vehicles to safely turn out of/into the parking space. The pressure to maximise the number of vehicles accommodated on a site is always making the requirement for such ‘extra’ spaces to be questioned; but they are essential for convenient and comfortable manoeuvres, just as all other dimensions are.

The existing car parking space.

The problem with people and vehicles is the crossover of the flows; the scale of the vehicular zone always dominates and changes, destroys the desirability of the friendly ‘lane’ character. The conflict is seminal, and requires something substantial to give way if the conflict is to be resolved: it can never be ‘nicely massaged’ into an acceptable solution. Manipulating paving materials, and using bollards and chicanes as controls, are always compromises that achieve little for the quality of either outcome; such approaches always appear poorly apologetic in their struggle to achieve the impossible, no matter how good the drawings might appear.

The existing crossover at the central lane: cars and people collide.

On this site, one could begin by considering the existing stepped lanes of Lerwick, and think of developing similar lanes that bridge, step up over the vehicular flows connecting either side of the central lane, so that the integrity, safety, and character of both flows can be maintained. This concept could involve the inclusion of raised housing over the steps in the site,* with parking below, a proposition that would take full advantage of the views from this precinct, and increase the accommodation that can be included in the project, both in number and quality.

The site has good harbour views.

Seating and planting outside The Shetland Times bookshop Lerwick.

On gardens and sitting ‘green’ places: one needs to think carefully about these gestures, in the same way as the character of the lanes needs precise and thoughtful detailing. Creating a public place to sit can be done by putting a seat in a green area, or by detailing places that can be used as seats in various ways: in spaces that are multi-functional. The seating areas in Commercial Street and opposite the harbour can be used as an example of the blandness of ‘just seats and planters,’ as civic space designated for this singular purpose. These places declare themselves as sets of mono-functional boxes for sitting and plants when there are other, richer possibilities for civic coherence: in these ‘seating’ areas made ‘green,’ it is not unusual to find that one is sitting next to a rubbish bin. In the existing lanes, we see slots that connect; that step; that squeeze; spaces shaped by walls of gardens and houses; tall places; short places; places that pause; places that open up vistas; places for private access; and more: a lane is not just a lane or a straight line on a page: seating opportunities can be likewise complex and variable.

Each lane links differently, with varying qualities of vistas, shade, and enclosure.

This site is such a unique and difficult challenge that it really cannot be addressed with schematic planning diagrams; sections are essential. The precise contours of the precinct, and the locations and dimensions of its existing elements and surrounds, (one notes that windows of private dwellings open onto the place), need to be documented to become the beginning of thinking about how things can be sensitively transformed to allow this gap in the Lerwick jigsaw puzzle to once again be filled in, developed to fit the pattern of the town; to complete and enrich it.

Looking west from the car park up to Hillhead emphasises the civic void of the place.

The void contrasts with the enclosed character of the lanes.

The site leaves a gaping hole in the fabric of the old town:

note car parking area to the right of the centre of this aerial photograph of Lerwick.

It seems to me that, without any detailed information to begin checking opportunities, the pedestrian and vehicular flows can only be addressed properly, adequately, by the separation of levels. One can get things to ‘work’ by cleverly manipulating car parking spaces into a zigzag patchwork around graphic lanes and housing blocks, but the critical outcome here is the experience of place that has been crafted for both people and cars - not the squeeze-fit of the pieces and their numerical count.

The entrance to the existing car park from Hillhead.

Car parking needs to be easy, safe, and hassle-free, in the same way as the stroll along the lane needs to be care-free and enjoyable; an extension of the intimacy of the pathways that currently permeate the town with a wonder and intrigue; and surprise. It is this character that needs to be embodied in the new scheme. Masterplans can too easily offer ‘solutions’ with their diagrammatic boldness, as an assertion that only holds meaning in its schematic presentation; its dogmatic, smart graphics and clever, diagrammatic analysis. This project needs to be carefully ‘engineered’ organically – designed from the precise detail up to the whole, incorporating the existing pieces while concentrating on the effective and efficient outcome for cars, and the quality of the experience for people: compromises always remain less for both.

The analysis of the master planning process has its own aesthetics and logic.

The entrances to the lanes leading up to the car park from Commercial Street.

The comment that there should be consideration for persons with disabilities on this site offers yet another challenge, given that the site is steep and not readily accessible: one can envisage a complication of ramps, lifts, tactile surfaces, and rails. Just how this access is managed on this site, or not, needs to be clarified, because it could be that this function might be better located elsewhere in the street/town.

Commercial Street with the central lane leading to the car park.

Commercial Street.

* See John Andrews International student housing scheme at Belconnen, Canberra, Australia: stepped lanes and dwellings; see Google images - https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=1f5982f6296a2cb0&sxsrf=ACQVn09aiZzJYIPYjK0vQ0QzVZkL6bIwDg:1707351824274&q=john+andrews+student+housing+belconnen&tbm=isch&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiC8veXvZqEAxVVoGMGHZOEAp8Q0pQJegQIDRAB&biw=1920&bih=1073&dpr=1#imgrc=q8JNpyxAp0ZsYM

and

https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=1kP2JBuSFxM

For more on these matters, refer to:

Christopher Alexander A Pattern Language Oxford University Press 1977

and

Steen Eiler Rasmussen Experiencing Architecture The MIT Press 1964.

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ON GARDENING

I am strongly of the opinion that the possession of a quantity of plants, however good the plants may be themselves and however ample their number, does not make a garden; it only makes a collection. Having got the plants, the great thing is to use them with careful selection and definite intention. Merely having them, or having them planted unassorted in garden spaces, is only like having a box of paints from the best colourman, or, to go one step further, it is like having portions of these paints set out upon a palette. This does not constitute a picture; and it seems to me that the duty we owe our gardens and to our own bettering in our gardens is so to use plants that they shall form beautiful pictures; that, while delighting our eyes, they should be always training those eyes to a more exulted criticism; to a state of mind and artistic conscience that will not tolerate bad or careless combination or any sort of misuse of plants, but in which it becomes a point of honour to be always striving for the best. Gertrude Jekyll Colour in the Flower Garden Mitchell Beazley London 1998 – Introduction (first published 1908)

MORE IS LESS

Significantly, in the era of the ‘information revolution’, the same process is now affecting disinformation: whereas in the past it was lack of information and censorship which characterized the denial of democracy by the totalitarian state, the opposite is now the case. Disinformation is achieved by flooding TV viewers with information, with apparently contradictory data. The truth of the facts is censured by over-information, as we have seen from the press and television discussing the Balkans. The globalitarian state, built out of economic-strategic alliances, is no longer old ‘Anastasia’ with her scissors: it is Babel. Now more is less. And in some cases, less than nothing. Deliberate manipulation and unintentional accidents have become indistinguishable.

Paul Virilio Strategy of Deception Verso 2007 p.48

(first published Editions Galilee 1999)

‘That which precedes the event is not necessarily its cause,’ claims the wisdom of the ancients. p.76

As Negroponte has rightly remarked, with the ‘liberation of information’ on the Web, what is most lacking is meaning or, in other words, a context into which Internet users could put the facts and hence distinguish truth from falsehood. On the Web, where, as everyone knows, the terrorist temptation is constant and where depredations of hackers are committed with impunity in a strange state of legal indeterminacy, the difference between (true) information and (false) deception fades a little more each day. In entering the looking-glass worlds of television and home computers, we are in the end left in the position of Kinglake’s old ‘English soldiery’. As they saw it,

insofar as the battlefield presented itself to the bare eyesight of men, it had no entirety, no length, no breadth, no size, no shape and was made up of nothing . . . In such conditions, each separate gathering . . . went on fighting its own little battle in happy and advantageous ignorance of the general state of the action; nay, even very often in ignorance of the fact that any great conflict was raging.

As Albert Camus asserted: ‘When we are all guilty, that will be true democracy.’ p.78

ENCOUNTERING CONRAD

Ryszard Kapuściński The Other Verso London 2018, p. 92

At the end of his book, Kapuściński asks whether, in our encounters with others in the future:

Will we jointly wish to refer to what – as Conrad puts it - ‘speaks to our capacity for delight and wonder, to the sense of mystery surrounding our lives; to our sense of pity, and beauty, and pain; to the latent feeling of fellowship with all creation – and to the subtle but invincible conviction of solidarity that knits together the loneliness of innumerable hearts: to the solidarity of dreams, in joy, in sorrow, in aspirations, in illusions, in hope, in fear, which binds men to each other, which binds together all humanity – the dead to the living and the living to the unborn.’?*

* J. Conrad, Preface to The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus’: A Tale of the Sea, New York: W.W.Norton, 1979.

Architecture stands in between of all of these circumstances of encounter, but how does it explain itself beyond being a bespoke ‘grand design’ of a potential genius?

ON THE CULTURE OF OTHERS

Herodotus . . . wanted to know them because he understood that to know ourselves we have to know Others, who act as a mirror in which we see ourselves reflected; he knew that to understand ourselves better we have to understand Others, to compare ourselves with them, to measure ourselves against them. As a citizen of the world, he did not believe that we should isolate ourselves from Others, or slam the gates in their faces. Xenophobia, Herodotus implied, is a sickness of people who are scared, suffering an inferiority complex, terrified by the prospect of seeing themselves in the mirror of the culture of Others.

Ryszard Kapuściński The Other Verso London 2018, p. 19

CLEVER PEOPLE SELF-DOUBT

I last met him when Philomena came out back in 2013. Back then, Coogan was a bracing, combative interviewee. He saw every question as a potential ambush and moved to thwart any perceived journalistic angle. Today, though, he seems more comfortable with the process, more at ease with himself. It used to be that he felt he always had to have his guard up. Now he accepts that he can sometimes afford to let it drop. He’s middle aged and a mass of insecurity and contradictions. He suspects that, on balance, that’s not such a terrible thing to be.

“And actually I think acknowledging your own fallibility makes you a better artist and a better person,” he says in a rush. “It’s fairly obvious to me that the real wisdom lies in seeing people’s failings and trying to understand them. Because the alternative is that very childlike, Donald Trump thing of believing that admitting any weakness is fatal. What was it Bukowski said? All the clever people are full of self-doubt and all the stupid people are very confident. That’s the era we’re living in now. That’s the era I don’t want to be a part of. So all you can do is try to go about things differently. Do interesting work and don’t be a cunt.”

Coogan gulps for breath. His eyes widen and then he rocks with laughter. “There you go, that’s my big artistic statement,” he says. “Do interesting work and don’t be a cunt. Took me the best part of an hour. Got there in the end.”

https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/jan/04/steve-coogan-interview-stan-and-ollie

HILLS

The hills bespeak a healing power and closeness to unseen help now lost in the security of modern welfare. Those who befriend the silent peaks in a lifetime's work know well their embracing strength. (p.91)

For only once is it given to man to lie in the arms of the eternal forces which give all matter form. (p.98)

Iain R Thomson Isolation Shepherd Birlinn, Edinburgh, 2007

I will lift up mine eyes unto the hills, from whence cometh my help.

My help cometh from the Lord, which made heaven and earth.

Psalm 121 King James Version (KJV)

SPAN

17 August 2012

This blog began as a co-operative concept. While the idea and the stimulus was generated through discussion, the blog has turned out to be an individual enterprise. SPAN stands for ‘Spence and’ in the context of others. As a word, it fitted in nicely with the idea of voussoirs - parts and pieces, complete with keystones, that could ‘span’ the gaps in understanding and communication. The word SPAN also allowed for a shared input into a blog.

Spence Jamieson is an architect and the author of these articles. The blogs show the scope of his interests.

THE IDEA

chapters and verses as architectural commentary:

the wedge to isolate, array and shape ideas; the keystone to highlight core, supporting issues. voussoirs is a concept to start an architectural discussion to span the large gap in the debate on things architectural; a bridging of the void in architectural issues by exploring considered bits and pieces. The state of the profession today is highlighted by silence and self. It is introvert and protective. Educational centres remain isolated within their own constructs, being run primarily as businesses. They put very little back into the community. They indulge themselves in their own interests and exclude contrary and different ideas and ideals. They constantly avoid any challenge on concepts or strategies that might change the plotted course. Rarely does comment ever come from this academic world into the public or any arena. Very few publications help direct the public interest. Rarely do newspapers grasp the issues and explore them. One aspect may be given space in the popular press, but architectural debates and concerns are rarely given attention. The professional institutes are doing much the same as the educational institutions. Private practice is doing likewise, offering, if anything, only its own pushy propaganda to the public. Yet there is a discussion and debate in these silences that needs a larger and more open platform. Discussion is alive and well amongst a few in at least one curry house, but the debate needs to be a broadened. voussoirs is the place for this discussion. It is a site for ideas, comment, articles, and critiques on things architectural and associated issues. It is here that matters can be aired and ideas discussed and debated without fear of the neglect and disdain that institutions and private groups and publishers give to open speaking and differing ideas.

There can be no true understanding of any idea if discussion and debate are curtailed in favour of a preferred position.

ON COMMUNICATION

. . . there has been a growing feeling of concern to solve what is now commonly called “the problem of communication.” But if one observes efforts to solve this problem, he will notice that different groups who are trying to do this are not actually able to listen to each other. As a result, the very attempt to improve communication leads frequently to yet more confusion, and the consequent sense of frustration inclines people ever further toward aggression and violence, rather than toward mutual understanding and trust.

David Bohm On Dialogue Routledge, Oxon, 1996 (2004) p.2

ON ART & METHOD

Even in relationships with inanimate objects and with nature in general, something very like communication is involved. Consider, for example, the work of an artist. Can it be properly said that the artist is expressing himself, i.e., literally “pushing outward” something that is already formed inside him? Such a description is not in fact generally accurate or adequate. Rather, what usually happens is that the first thing the artist does is only similar in certain ways to what he may have in mind. As in a conversation between two people, he sees the similarity and the difference, and from this perception something further emerges in his next action. Thus, something new is continually created that is common to the artist and the material on which he is working.

David Bohm On Dialogue Routledge, Oxon, 1996 (2004) p.4

THE NECESSITY OF THE INCOMPLETE

The early 50's and 60's is a period that is gaining interest in architectural ideas. Perhaps this is why Princeton chose to republish The Tao of Architecture. It is a beautiful little book that discusses the implications of traditional wisdom in architecture. Given the astonishing lack of direction in current architectural theory, the publication is very timely.

Amos Ih Tiao Chang, The Tao of Architecture, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1956, reprinted 2017.

p.26

Laotzu's idea of formation is heavily concerned with emptiness or non-existence. To him who regards nothing as persistent, what is essentially important in things is the possibility of becoming something, not the opportunity of remaining as something confronting deterioration. Consequently, meaningful incompletion is taken as the most desirable state of tangible being.

p.22

. . . the full meaning of existence is beyond the power of any manifestation. What appears tangible, architectural or natural, is only a means to suggest that which is lacking in appearance and existing in man's intangible understanding and aesthetic feeling.

LIVING IN IMPERMANENCE

Maybe it is a good thing for us to keep a few dreams of a house that we shall live in later, always later, so much later, in fact, that we shall not have time to achieve it. For a house that was final, one that stood in symmetrical relation to the house we were born in, would lead to thoughts – serious, sad thoughts – and not to dreams. It is better to live in a state of impermanence than in one of finality.

Gaston Bachelard The Poetics of Space

see: THE NECESSITY OF THE INCOMPLETE in the sidebar

THE REAL AND THE IMAGINARY

I prefer, by far, real islands to imaginary islands, just as I prefer prime documents to novelistic remakes. That's because the real is richer than the imagination. The real demands investigation and is an invitation to sensitive knowledge, whereas the imaginary is more often than not just a collection of stereotypes, a soup of clichés offering an infantile kind of satisfaction. Then, a relationship to the real and its resistance requires changes in thought, in ways of being, in ways of saying, it leads to a transformation of the self. Whereas imagination is nothing but compensation. There's even something horribly autistic about sitting in one spot and spinning out invention by the yard. How much more interesting an open and poetic process involving contemplation, study, movement, meditation and composition.

Kenneth White Across The Territories Travels from Orkney to Rangiroa Polygon Edinburgh 2004 p.86

VISION, CIVILIZATION & SPIRIT

The architect who combines in his being the powers of vision, of imagination, of intellect, of sympathy with human need and the power to interpret them in a language vernacular and time - - - is he who shall create poems in stone.

When you look on one of your contemporary 'good copies' of historical remains, ask yourself the question: Not what style, but what civilization is this building? And the absurdity, vulgarity, anachronism and solecism of the modern structure will be revealed to you in a most startling fashion.

It cannot for a moment be doubted that an art work to be alive, to awaken us to life, to inspire us sooner or later with its purpose, must indeed be animate with a soul, must have been breathed upon by the spirit and must breathe in turn that spirit.

Louis Sullivan

AN UNCHANGING PROFESSION

ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE

. . . no one can relieve (the architect) from the need to rely on his own discretion, for that discretion is linked to a responsibility which belongs to no one but (the architect). It is the exercise of discretion hampered by considerations of cost, of risk, of exact justice, of conflicting interests, of uncertainty as to facts, of misunderstandings and of diverse individualities and dishonest or incapable agents, which is the chief care and preoccupation of architectural practice. To design a building, to draw and specify every part of it, and to direct its construction and see it completed with no other anxieties and dilemmas than belong to the exercise of those duties, is unknown.

H.B.Creswell The Honeywood Settlement Faber and Faber Limited London 1967 (fourth edition: first edition 1930 Architectural Press) p.128

MENDING WALL

Something there is that doesn't love a wall,
That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it,
And spills the upper boulders in the sun,
And makes gaps even two can pass abreast.
The work of hunters is another thing:
I have come after them and made repair
Where they have left not one stone on a stone,
But they would have the rabbit out of hiding,
To please the yelping dogs. The gaps I mean,
No one has seen them made or heard them made,
But at spring mending-time we find them there.
I let my neighbor know beyond the hill;
And on a day we meet to walk the line
And set the wall between us once again.
We keep the wall between us as we go.
To each the boulders that have fallen to each.
And some are loaves and some so nearly balls
We have to use a spell to make them balance:
'Stay where you are until our backs are turned!'
We wear our fingers rough with handling them.
Oh, just another kind of out-door game,
One on a side. It comes to little more:
There where it is we do not need the wall:
He is all pine and I am apple orchard.
My apple trees will never get across
And eat the cones under his pines, I tell him.
He only says, 'Good fences make good neighbors'.
Spring is the mischief in me, and I wonder
If I could put a notion in his head:
'Why do they make good neighbors? Isn't it
Where there are cows?
But here there are no cows.
Before I built a wall I'd ask to know
What I was walling in or walling out,
And to whom I was like to give offence.
Something there is that doesn't love a wall,
That wants it down.' I could say 'Elves' to him,
But it's not elves exactly, and I'd rather
He said it for himself. I see him there
Bringing a stone grasped firmly by the top
In each hand, like an old-stone savage armed.
He moves in darkness as it seems to me~
Not of woods only and the shade of trees.
He will not go behind his father's saying,
And he likes having thought of it so well
He says again, "Good fences make good neighbors."

Robert Frost

CATHEDRALS and SYMBOLISM

Everything is the symbolical representation of an idea. p.28

The same artists, who had to follow a strict rule when treating the history of God, could use all of their imagination when treating the ornamental: whence the blossoming of the grotesque and the original. p.38

In those days religion, drama, and art had the same aim and sought to provoke the same thoughts. They did not pretend to amuse the people; they endeavoured to teach them. p.51

This way of thinking and reasoning takes sometimes a very subtle turn. p.53

Hélène Fouré The French Cathedrals Their Symbolic Significance Bruce Humphries Inc. Publishers, Boston, 1931

THE COMPLIMENT & THE CRITIC 2

ON DEMOLISHING BUILDINGS

Nothing appears to me much more wonderful, than the remorseless way in which the educated ignorance, even of the present day, will sweep away an ancient monument, if its preservation be not absolutely consistent with immediate convenience or economy. Putting aside all antiquarian considerations, and all artistical ones, I wish that people would only consider the steps, and the weight of the following very simple argument. You allow that it is wrong to waste time, that is, your own time; but then it must be still more wrong to waste other people’s; for you have some right to your own time, but none to their’s. Well, then, if it is thus wrong to waste the time of the living, it must be still more wrong to waste the time of the dead; for the living can redeem their time, the dead cannot. But you waste the best of the time of the dead when you destroy the works they have left you; for those works they gave the best of their time, intending them for immortality.

John Ruskin Lectures on Architecture George Routledge & Sons Limited, London p.109

THE COMPLIMENT & THE CRITIC 1

How to avoid insult

But how much of nature have you in your Greek buildings? I will show you, taking for an example the best you have lately built; and, in doing so, I trust that nothing that I say will be thought to have any personal purpose, and that the architect of the building in question will forgive me; for it is just because it is a good example of the style that I think it more fair to use it for an example. If the building were a bad one of the kind, it would not be a fair instance; and I hope, therefore, that in speaking of the institution on the mound, just in progress, I shall be understood as meaning rather a compliment to its architect than otherwise. It is not his fault that we force him to build in the Greek manner.

John Ruskin Lectures on Architecture and Painting George Routledge & Sons Limited; New York: F.P.Dutton & CO - p.64-65

ON EDUCATION

'. . those who are responsible for giving instruction in the theory of architecture should be practising architects. The warning is necessary because, strange though it may seem, English schools of architecture to-day tend to be run by men who either do not practise at all, or whose practices are for them a very subsidiary spare-time occupation. Often a teaching appointment is a means by which a clever student avoids the humiliation of entering an office as a junior assistant, thus depriving himself of the only opportunity he will ever have of learning something of the practical side of his profession from the bottom upwards. There can be no doubt whatever that the teaching of theory has suffered severely as a result of this habit: and this leads me to the conclusion that no man should be permitted to teach until he is recognized by his Faculty as a Master of Theory and Practice. In other words, he should be not only a practising architect but also, what is unfortunately a much rarer specimen, a good architect.'

W.A. Eden, The Process of Architectural Tradition, Macmillian & Co. Ltd, London, 1942, p.p. 86-87

ETHICS

Thus Pugin laid the foundation stones of that strange system which dominates the nineteenth-century art criticism and is immortalised in the Seven Lamps of Architecture: the value of a building depends on the moral worth of its creator; and a building has a moral value independent of, and more important than, its esthetic value. We must not consider this emphasis on morality peculiarly Victorian. Whenever esthetic standards are lost, ethical standards rush in to fill the vacuum; for the interest in esthetics dwindles and vanishes, but the interest in ethics is eternal.

Kenneth Clark The Gothic Revival - An Essay in the History of Taste, (1^st edition Constable 1928); third edition John Murray 1962, reprinted 1974, p.149.

MODERNITY

The everyday is covered by a surface: that of modernity. News stories and the turbulent affectations of art, fashion, and event veil without ever eradicating the everyday blahs. Images, the cinema and television divert the everyday by at times offering up to its own spectacle, or sometimes the spectacle of the distinctly noneveryday; violence, death, catastrophe, the lives of kings and stars – those who we are led to believe defy everydayness. Modernity and everydayness constitute a deep structure that a critical analysis can work to uncover.

Henri Lefebvre, The Everyday and Everydayness, in Stephen Harris and Deborah Berke, Architecture of the Everyday, Princeton Architectural Press, New York, 1997, p.37.

NAMING

The simplest act of substitution is to put the name of a maker in the place of his or her work, which amounts to a paraphrase in itself. . . . All paraphrase sets aside the original: To put the name in place of the painting is to remove it from immediate consciousness; to narrate the life of an individual is an act profoundly different from looking into a painting and one that cannot be conducted simultaneously with it. To substitute a temporal narrative, already present in a name, for the physical work of art is to give up those features of the thing that were transient and unrepeatable, bound to a moment that is irrevocably ended; the unique insistence is, for the moment at least, sacrificed on the altar of continuity.

Thomas Crow, The Intelligence of Art, The University of North Carolina Press, 1999, p.1.

ON BRANDING

Branding is now the art of getting people to think what something might be rather than what it necessarily is. It's about the manipulation of the virtual reality in which so many live. The manipulators include anyone with an interest in what we might think of them - not just big companies with products to sell but political parties with votes to win, design gurus with clients to attract - anyone, in other words, acting in some kind of market. They all have an interest in controlling their appearance to make us believe it is the reality.

John Humphrys Beyond Words How Language Reveals The Way We Live Now Hodder and Stoughton. Great Britain 2006, p. 86-87

see:

http://voussoirs.blogspot.com.au/2015/10/faking-provenance-misuse-of-meaning.html

PRECONCEPTION

Leone Huntsman Sand in Our Souls The Beach in Australian History Melbourne University Press 2001, p.16:

Thus first impressions were filtered through existing preconceptions, starkly revealed in Sir Joseph Banks's description of the people seen from Captain James Cook's Endeavour when it first touched on the Australian continent in 1770:

In the morn we . . . [discerned] 5 people who appeared through our glasses to be enormously black: so far did the prejudices which we had built on Dampier's account influence us that we fancied we could see their Colour when we could scarce distinguish whether or not they were men.

Here Banks refers to William Dampier's unfavourable accounts of the West Australian aboriginal people in published accounts of his landings in 1688 and 1699, and reveals his own awareness of the extent to which perception was influenced by expectation.

see: http://voussoirs.blogspot.com.au/2014/04/seeing-what-we-believe-idyllic-visions.html

THE MUSE - GETTING IT RIGHT

"It can be in the morning, any old time, I wake up with an idea and it starts following you around.

"You go, 'Ah that's good' because you know when it's going to work, it's going to be fruitful.

"Other times you'll get the edge of an idea and maybe it fades away or there's just no way it can be made to serve, you know?

"Then you just, it takes its time and you work on it and if necessary you work on it more than once. I'm known to work on it two or three times before you get it right."

Les Murray

http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-02/les-murray-latest-volume-reflects-on-bunyah/6816714

http://www.lesmurray.org/

JARGON

The world seems to find it necessary to use more and more jargon in general reporting and conversation. It is especially noticed in accounts and discussions on the arts. The ABC TV arts programme presented on 7 January 2017 at 6:15pm had more jargon than usual; indeed, had more unusual expressions than previously encountered, ones that had not been heard before:

"unpicking the tapestry" of one's life;

and

looking at "the fan deck of what you do."

These reminded one of other popular fashionable expressions:

“to unpack an issue,” meaning to analyse it in some detail;

and

“to segue,” meaning to shift to a new topic or activity.

This last term is a favourite of radio announcers. The Italian word is often misspelt as ‘segway’ because of the similar phonetic sounding that is more commonly understood as Segway, the brand of a human transporter.

The parallel is interesting, as the idea of being ‘transported’ is common to both words, but it seems to hold little interest to the radio voices that appear just too cleverly happy with the use of this different, interesting expression.